Trauma And Its Effects On Children - 1729 Words

Without a doubt having taken this course has opened my eyes to the subject of trauma and its effects in ways that I would never have conceived in my limited exposure to this area of study. I can say, that it is the study of trauma and its many faceted dimensions that have perked up my ears at times such as when the mention of the term on the T.V. brings me to tune in to hear what the latest event or discussion surrounding a specific take on violence and its trauma related after probing. My reflection on my emotional reactions to certain KB’s is that at the heart of the topic of trauma are various nuisances. I am looking at my journey as I go through the course, and I am personally affected by resilience as a factor of people’s lives. I was struck by this because the idea was not one which comes to my attention when thinking of trauma. What comes to mind is what takes place at the time of a traumatic event and the recovery aspect of it. The varied aspects of family his tory and resilience never entered the conversation about trauma which I carried on with myself. But after looking at the need for victims of traumatic events such as a mass shooting to get better after a traumatic event, it is reiterated over and over by research of well documented studies as to how a person’s recovery progresses will depend on what resilience mechanisms have been laid down in their childhood for a given individual. I have this point of view or good stressors to fall back on for myselfShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Trauma On Children And Adolescents1488 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Trauma has caused hospitalized pediatric patients to become uneasy and anxious with no additional support. Thus, Child Life Services (CLS) is being proposed to Highland Hospital, as it does not currently offer any therapeutic consultations to pediatric patients and families to help ease traumatic feelings. CLS essentially provide a variety of different therapeutic programs to distract hospitalized children from pain, stress and being traumatized after medical procedures. Problem StatementRead MoreThe Effects Of Trauma On Children And Professional Adults Essay882 Words   |  4 PagesBased on the Perry reading that outlines the effects of trauma on children (2003) that outlines the alarm reactions, responses to threat, post-traumatic stress, emotional memory impact, numbing, avoidance, hyperarousal and disassociation responses to trauma, it is quite evident that mindfulness would be quite helpful to help youth process their emotions and experiences in a healthy and productive manner. Since traumatic experiences have such a large impact on one’s psychological, emotional and physicalRead MoreThe Effects Of Anger Management And Trauma On Younger Children2131 Words   |  9 Pages    Are more children susceptible to have problems more anger problems after having some type of trauma? Children who have experienced trauma tend to present problems related to the inability to manage emotions and aggressive behaviors. A child can experience one or more different types of trauma over several different years or at once. Trauma for a child can be physical, sexual, emotional, medical, disasters, terrorism and many more. Children who experience trauma react in both physiological andRead MoreLong Term Effects Of Early Trauma On Children1521 Words   |  7 Pages The Long Term Effects of Early Trauma on Children in Foster and Adoptive Settings Alyssa Lodhi Amberton University October 25th, 2014 â€Æ' Personal Journey When I was five years old, my mom told me that there were some children who didn’t have moms. I was shocked, and told my mother frankly that I’d be their mom. Caring for children with early trauma has been the driving passion of my life. When I was six and again when I was eight, my parents adopted children from Vietnam. Having siblingsRead MoreThe Effects Of Childhood Trauma On Children s Personality1940 Words   |  8 PagesAbstract The importance of Childhood Trauma is associated with the way children react later on in their life, as it plays an important role. There are several different types of maltreatment that are associated with abuse that can harm the child in the long run. Any type of physical abuse, emotional abuse or sexual abuse contributes to the negative affects that can change the child’s personality. If the child’s parents obtain physical neglect or emotional neglect, it can factor in changing a child’sRead MoreThe Damages Caused by Canadian Residential Schools for Indigenous Children in the 19th Century1618 Words   |  7 Pageswere responsible for providing compulsory education to Indigenous children within governmentally constructed schools. They were charged with assimilating these children into mainstream culture and convert them into members of â€Å"civilized society†. The resulting actions on part of the Canadian government and acting missionaries have caused detrimental psychological and emotional trauma to survivors of these residential schools; trauma that has crossed intergenerational boundaries since the inductionRead MorePsychosocial And Neurodevelopmental Effects Of Trauma869 Words   |  4 PagesPSYCHOSOCIAL AND NEURODEVELOPMENTAL EFFECTS OF TRAUMA Trauma can effect children during two vital processes, psychosocial development and neurodevelopment. Psychosocial development includes personality, morality, values, social behavior (Putnam, 2006). Neurodevelopment includes biological brain growth, and the growth of the nervous system and endocrine system (Putnam, 2006). â€Å"Because early experiences occur in the context of a developing brain, neural development and social interaction are inextricablyRead MoreThe Effects Of Traumatic Events On Infants And Young Children1320 Words   |  6 PagesIn recent years the research regarding trauma has shifted from adults to children. In the past, the impact of traumatic events on infants and young children has been passed over when in reality early childhood is the stage when a child is most vulnerable to the effects of trauma (Perry et. al., 1995). There are numerous interventions for early childhood trauma that focus on the child and the child’s primary caregiver. I wanted to design an intervention that will be able to go beyond the home environmentRead MoreTrauma And The Effects On Neural Development834 Words   |  4 PagesMerriam-Webster (web dictionary), trauma is an unpleasant or difficult experience that causes a disordered psychic, mental, behavioral, and emotional problem. Wright (2011), explains that when children experienced trauma, they no longer perceive that our world as safe, and, the effects of trauma can be mild, moderate, or, severe depending on the child’s personality, culture, spiritual beliefs, or, the meanings they give to the event itself (p. 190-191). Trauma and the Effects on Neural Development In Bremner’sRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography: Early Childhood642 Words   |  3 PagesSomatic Expressions of Trauma in Experiential Play Therapy in International Journal of Play Therapy, Vol. 20, No. 3, 138 152. Researchers have found connections between animal and human responses to trauma that are important in understanding somatic (non-verbal) cues and conditioning. Some research has been done that shows parallels between animal behaviors and child behaviors in cases of abuse and neglect, although the literature remains scant. Children act out trauma in play therapy, resulting

Behind Women s Prostitution Prostitution - 1561 Words

Behind Women’s Prostitution Prostitution, as many of you may know is an exchange of sex for payment. It should be illegal everywhere in the world because of the extreme lifestyle women are forced to live and because of the increase in crime rates. There are three different types of prostitution. The first and most known- street prostitution, the second being escort prostitution and last but not least-sex-trafficking. Prostitution in general is often looked at as shameful in society, however for many women/ young females around the world, this decision was not made by them. What most people don’t know is that many of them have been forced or lured into prostitution by traffickers or pimps. For others, they depend on this exchange because†¦show more content†¦These prostitutes are known to serve many men a night and like the other types of prostitution, they are controlled by pimps and if they disobey him, they can be beaten or punished another way. The prostitutes attract strangers and criminals, such as drug dealers to their neighborhoods, increasing the risk of burglaries, muggings, and other crimes. Prostitutes themselves are especially vulnerable to robberies and assault. Most prostitutes are also drug addicts, making it hard for them to leave prostitution and in some cases, the pimp is the one who introduces them to drugs, causing them to become addicted in order for them to manipulate the prostitute. Another way a pimp might manipulate someone into becoming a prostitute is by acting like a friend or boyfriend to her and shows her he cares about her, but soon she is unfortunately forced to work for him. On the other hand, some prostitutes may use drugs just to cope with their stress and everything that they have to go through. However, used needles are often found on streets along with used condoms, creating an even more unpleasant environment to live/ be in. Escort Prostitution Escort prostitution, also known as a â€Å"call girl† is a woman prostitute who arranges appointments by telephone or computer. She typically meets at a hotel, the client’s home, or even her house to protect themselves fromShow MoreRelatedShould Prostitution Be Legalized?889 Words   |  4 Pages Prostitution has been described as one of the oldest professions know to man. Although women inparticular have had the ability to sell their bodies in order to gain assets doing so has not only been frowned upon but illegal. Some find this option as a last resort. They have depleted resources and don’t know where else to turn. Many argue that morally prostitution is wrong and they may have merit in saying so. Despite this prostitution should be legalized not only because women should have the rightRead MoreThe World s Oldest Profession For Nothing1613 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Prostitution isn t inherently immoral, any more than running a company like Enron is inhe rently immoral. It s how you do it that counts. And the reality is that it will happen anyway. It s not called the world s oldest profession for nothing. Why not make it, at the least, safe and productive?† -JEANNETTE ANGELL of A Wellness Perspective on Prostitution, Freedom, Religion, and More, Seek Wellness, Apr. 30, 2005. Prostitution, known as the world s oldest profession, and it exists everywhereRead MoreLegalization Of Prostitution : The United States From The Beginning Of English Settlements1542 Words   |  7 PagesProstitution has underlyingly lingered in the history of the United States from the beginning of English settlements. In the industrial times, five percent of the population of women working were prostitutes. During the migration to the West, prostitutes were the majority- if not the only women in boom towns. Not until 1875, were there any laws officially banning prostitution. The Page law was created when Chinese immigrant women become prostitutes or sec ond wives to European men. The law bannedRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legal? Essay1261 Words   |  6 PagesProstitution has existed in history since before most people can remember. In our time, prostitution is hotly debated as to whether it should be a professional working job, or whether it is immoral and oppressive to women. This debate has existed since the dawn of time, and there is still no clear answer. Society demands that police should stop certain illicit activities from happening in their neighborhoods, but should law enforcement be made to waste their time and effort to arrest those thatRead MoreShould Prostitution Laws Be Legal?1304 Words   |  6 PagesMost people morally oppose the profession of prostitution because they consider it to be a taboo. While others believe that it is their right and personal freedom to choose what to do with their life and body. Recently, the debate about how laws should address prostitution legally has become a subject of legisla tive action. Prostitution itself is not a criminal offence under the Constitution, but there are certain laws under the Criminal Code that discourage it and makes it unlawful. For exampleRead MoreGrowing Field Of Prostitution And Prostitution1323 Words   |  6 PagesGrowing field of prostitution Sergelen Batsaikhan Assignment #3 COMP 1011 Feb 24 2017 Growing field of prostitution There have been many attempts to stop prostitution, but the field is growing more and more. Prostitution has existed for about 2000 years. Throughout the history of humankind, there were many attempts to eliminate prostitution, but no one could stop prostitution. Prostitution is one of the main survival methods for women who don’t have income to support themselvesRead MoreThe Canadian Justice System1714 Words   |  7 Pages We say that slavery has vanished from European civilization, but this is not true. Slavery still exists, but now it applies only to women and its name is prostitution The 4th of November 2014 is a day that will be remembered as the most notorious day in the history of the Canadian Justice System. On November 4th 2014, the most controversial prostitution bill â€Å"Protection of Community and Endangered Persons Act†, also known as C-36 was passed in the Supreme Court of Canada. According to this law,Read MoreProstitution Is The Third Largest Criminal Enterprise1685 Words   |  7 PagesProstitution is currently an illegal act that has existed for centuries in the United States of America. Throughout the history of prostitution, this act has been endlessly evolving; however, the basic terms of prostitution in which a person engages in sexual activity with another being for a payment has remained constant. It seems apparent that a stigma is attached to the prostitution industr y involving participants from both sides. In fact, people possessing negative judgments toward prostitutionRead MorePro-Prostitution (The Advantages of Prostitution)1469 Words   |  6 PagesProstitution is the act or practice of engaging in sexual activities in the exchange of money (Dictionary.com). Prostitution is believed by many to be the world?s oldest profession with its roots tracing back to ancient times (Otchet). It is a common belief that prostitutes are only women, but the truth is that prostitutes are predominantly of the female gender. In today?s modern society prostitutes are frowned upon by society because they see it as being on the same category as drug addiction andRead MoreThe Issue Of Legalization Of Prostitution1103 Words   |  5 Pagesdefines prostitution as â€Å"the act of having sex in exchange for money.† In recent years, there has been speculation of the laws in place that criminalize prostitution. While there are advocates that want prostituti on to be decriminalized, there are also advocates for the legalization. Decriminalization would simply repeal the laws making prostitution illegal, whereas full legalization would allow the government to put regulations and safety requirements in place. The legalization of prostitution would

The Writing Process Free Essays

1. In your own words, describe each of the five steps of the writing process based on the information in your textbook, Writing for Success. Pre-writing is form of brainstorming ideas that helps get your creative thought going. We will write a custom essay sample on The Writing Process or any similar topic only for you Order Now It also helps identify who, what, where, when why in your writing process. Free-writing and mapping are ways to help think about the main topic in which you are writing about. Drafting is the process of getting your ideas on paper and organizing your information logically. It’s also when you develop your topic with enough detail for your audience and purpose. Revising is when the author reads what they have written from the reader’s standpoint. During this stage the writer might see that they need to change the order of their information or expand certain sections or even cut details in others. Editing is where you would check for grammar mistakes and also sentence structure, punctuation capitalization and citation and document format. Related article: Principles of Good Writing by L.A. Hill Full Text This helps create a polished look to your writing. Publishing is when you are releasing a document for the public and others to read. This can be as simple as turning in a paper for your teacher to read. 2. Write a paragraph of 100-150 words stating why it is important to follow a structured writing process with all writing projects. I think it is important to follow a structured writing process in all writing projects because it helps a writer be consistent with their approach to writing. It’s probably safe to say that writing is all about structure and how the writer knows what they want to say. They make sure that everything in their writing not only relates to the topic but also to the readers who will read it. People might get confused by differences in writing requirements from subject to subject. Different writing projects might require different types of writing assignments but all writing can follow the same process through structured writing. How to cite The Writing Process, Essay examples The Writing Process Free Essays

Mark and Spencer Report for UK Retail Company- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theMark and Spencer Report for UK Retail Company. Answer: Overview of the Company (Mark and Spencer) Mark and Spencer (abbreviated as MS), a UK retail company has a history which dates back to 1884 when it was first established by a Russian born Polish. Since then, the company has grown and opened more than 300 stores across the world apart from being the largest clothing retailer in the United Kingdom. The company has always been competitive in the market through implementation of new market techniques to attract and retain their consumers. For example, they introduced the online shopping platform in 1999 which was available in their official website enabling their customers to shop at the comfort of their homes. At the time, the internet has just begun to get into the general population and therefore, Mark and Spencer took the advantage at the right moment (Marks and Spencer, 2018)). It was in 2000 when the Mark and Spencer came up with healthy count on us varied products which were fit to the individuals on diet. They opened simply food stores in Twickenham and Surbiton in 2001 whereby, these stores only dealt with healthy food only unlike the rest of their normal stores which supplied clothes and other home furnishing products. Their target market included; Women The MS realized that they needed to be on the lead in terms of looking for high class customers who will not only boost their turnover but also bring more profits to the firm. A Per Una brand of clothing was an initiative of the company to target women who were conscious to fashion. Men MS started a Blue Harbour brand of clothes which target male individuals who were into the casual wear. This brand of clothes were high end in terms of standards and quality. The brand was officially launched in January 2001. Athletes The company also targeted the sports individuals by introducing the View form in 2002. DB07 clothing were for children. The company did the design of this sportswear in collaboration with David Beckham. The company works in strict compliance with their mission statement which is split into three sub-sections, that is; Vision- To be the standard in which the rest measures against (Marks and Spencer, 2018). Values- Quality value, innovation, trust and service to the customers. Mission- To make an aspirational quality which is available and accessible to everyone. Since the initiation of the company as well as their mission statement, MS have kept their word to see that they achieve all the factors involved. Role of Motivation and Learning Mark and Spencer has persisted not only in the UK market, but also oversees due to its quality of products and their aim to meet individual customers demands. MS has faced a lot of challenges along their way but they have always tried to keep up to the demands of their consumers or customers. The company has always been motivated and due to this, many companies within and outside UK look up to Mark and Spencer to measure themselves against this giant company thereby helping their company to grow in terms of customers and overall company growth (employees, profits and turnover) (Gong, Huang and Farh, 2009, p.770). Motivation helped the company in many ways that include; Online shifting In the current century, online and specifically, mobile shopping in overwhelmingly increasing and in that case most of the retailers are focusing on optimizing their digital platforms to suite their customers. In this manner, they cope with competitive environment. The company executives of the MS realized this challenge earlier enough and generated a fortune opportunity by creating and advancing their web experience with customers (Hartline, Mirrokni and Sundararajan, 2008, p.193). This greatly boost their sales and diversified their marketing strategies. MS ran a successful test program that they implemented using the Webtrends Optimize. The purpose of the Webtrends team was to provide a valuable input in guiding the company on the strategic directions, steps and best practices that could gear the company towards their dreams. This became one of the valuable partnership to Mark and Spencer, and on realizing this, they capitalized on it and went further to streamline the partnership with the valuable consultants on their reach. Value for taste and customer satisfaction Mark and Spencer has always been in the forefront of other companies when it comes to valuing their customers needs and preferences. The motivation that company has keeps their customers and attracts even more, thereby expanding their market share. They always consider the need to be consistent in adapting to the changes in the need of their consumers through introduction of new products and labels (Mullins, Walker and Boyd, 2012, p. 33). But it is through their motivation that they have kept their brand consistently for several decades. Brands Current Success Currently, Mark and Spencer has over 33 million customers who are the consumers of their high quality range of products that includes clothing, food products and homewares. The company can be said to be successful as it is listed on the FTSE 100. MS has grown from a humble background to a todays multi-channel player. It has well developed and smooth running online shopping operation coupled with 480 international outlets and over 850 stores within the United Kingdom. Sale of premium and quality products Mark and Spencer found it lucrative in focusing on high quality products that are specifically targeted to the high class customers. They sell high-value and premium products to their customers not only in the UK market but also across the globe. Being adamant on their brand purpose have played the key role in lifting the position of the companys market share despite the challenging and ever competitive trading environment (Ryan, 2016, p.131). They always make their products in such a manner that their clients trust that the companys products are worth paying for, that is, irrespective of the prices that are set. Consistency Through every moment that has ever come in the UK streets, either favorable or unfavorable, MS has always been adamant to changing the prices of their products. Their prices have always been at premium levels and has always not came below certain limit even if their competitors slashed their prices to extreme levels (Armstrong Kotler, Harker and Brennan, 2015, p.78). They have been devoted to their initial mission of bringing quality to the British consumers and therefore, premium prices means high quality to them. To the company, quality products will always be expensive due to the levels input mechanisms which are also premium unlike their counterparts (Armstrong et al, 2015, p. 44). The companys prices have always been the key subject on the marketing mix. They chose high costs which creates an illusion in their current and potential customers that their products are worth their money (Ottman, 2017). Most of their competitors take the path of lowering their price costs but contrary to this, Mark and Spencer will maintain their high prices since they believe that customers will always prefer brand that offers quality over price (Wilson and Gilligan, 2012, p. 33). They have to hold strongly on the belief that, lowering the prices would mean compromising the quality of the products in question. Managers attitudes MS managers at the stores are strongly committed and this as seen the company succeed. They offer their full support to the campaign team that advertises the companys range of products. Mark and Spencer sail through the challenges and made it to their success since their managers provided the necessary support through the showcards the provided in-store as well as in windows (Evans, Campbell Stonehead, 2010, p. 49). They provided up to five showcards in stores (depending on the sizes). A single large card could go in store. Technology The online shopping that Mark and Spencer initiated has opened a world of opportunities not online in the United Kingdom but also across the world. This also provides customers with range of products to choose from when it comes to shopping. Online sales and marketing creates lot of competition in the market but MS takes this advantage in showcasing their products and in letting the world know that their company is an up to date company (Zenker, Eggers and Farsky, 2013, p.135). www.markandspencers.com is their website, which is a complete website, and everything that one needs to know about the company will get it in place Mark and Spencer can just expand on Brown field sites witch limits them to staying in urban territories with lots of market rivalry. When it comes to legal issues, the government is continually rethinking and making amendments to laws that governs trade, which empowers Marks and Spencer's to exchange for longer hours, for instance; longer shopping hours on a Friday. Imprints and Spencer's must take after publicizing laws which are set up to secure the customer, yet additionally to advance reasonable rivalry between organizations (Murray, Gao and Kotabe, 2011, p. 260). When it comes to SWOT Analysis, the SWOT examination takes a gander at an organization's qualities, shortcoming, openings and dangers which are probably going to affect the organization's execution. One of the keys to the improvement of Marks and Spencer throughout the years has been the capacity of the brand to meet the consistently changing necessities of a wide client base. The center brand estimations of value, esteem, administration, development and trust have reliably remained the foundations of the Marks and Spencer suggestion. Marketing Recommendations for Mark and Spencer to Increase the Emotional Attachment Identifying the market gaps A gap analysis includes recognizing a gap or shortcoming in a particular organization and hoping to connect that gap keeping in mind the end goal to meet an objective target as to where the organization needs to be. The accompanying statement promotes distinguish a gap analysis: "Gap examination, comprises of characterizing the present express, the coveted 'or target state' and subsequently the gap between them. In the later phases of critical thinking the point is to take a gander at approaches to overcome any issues (Chaffeyet al., 2009, p. 76). Competition or rivalry in womenswear has expanded drastically with ladies requesting style, quality, remarkable esteem and genuine designs and products. All together for Marks and Spencer to recover this piece of the overall industry they set out an unmistakable arrangement, this included tuning in to clients better amid store visits, center gatherings, better utilization of market information and watching out for following patterns, follow ing contenders and furthermore assessing there possess execution (Chen and Chai, 2010, p. 27). From a buying perspective they hoped to reinforce their purchasing groups, giving clearer duties regarding configuration, purchasing and marketing. Focus on Market penetration Market entrance is a development system where the business centers around offering existing items into existing markets. It looks to accomplish four fundamental destinations: Maintain or increment the piece of the pie of current items - this can be accomplished by a mix of focused valuing techniques, publicizing, deals advancement and maybe more assets devoted to individual offering (Evans, 2012, p. 66). Imprints and Spencer, concerning the thing "Garments", the organization has demonstrated that they are giving top notch products to customers over the UK and Europe. Imprints and Spencer began acting in single markets in its starting, expanding this number to 895 yet. Rebuild a develop showcase by driving out contenders; this would require a significantly more forceful special battle, upheld by an evaluating procedure intended to make the market ugly for contenders (Doyle, 2009, p. 98). The foodservice advertise is a standout amongst the most requesting and modern in which the Marks and Spencer works. Increment utilization by existing clients - for instance by presenting dependability plans. Market advancement is where the business tries to offer its current items into new markets. This may involve investigation of new portions of a market, new uses for the organization's items and administrations, or new geological regions keeping in mind the end goal to tempt new clients (Dweck, 2013, p. 56). There are numerous conceivable methods for moving toward this methodology, including: New land markets; for instance sending out the item to another nation. In February 2007, Marks and Spencer declared the opening of the world's biggest Marks and Spencer store outside the UK at Dubai Festival City. On 2 October 2008, Marks and Spencer opened its first territory China store in Shanghai, which are some case of market advancement. References Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M. and Brennan, R., 2015.Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Education. Chaffey, D., Ellis-Chadwick, F., Mayer, R. and Johnston, K., 2009.Internet marketing: strategy, implementation and practice. Pearson Education. Chaffey, D. and Smith, P.R., 2013.eMarketing eXcellence: Planning and optimizing your digital marketing. Routledge. Chen, T.B. and Chai, L.T., 2010. Attitude towards the environment and green products: consumers' perspective.Management science and engineering,4(2), p.27. Cronin, J.J., Smith, J.S., Gleim, M.R., Ramirez, E. and Martinez, J.D., 2011. Green marketing strategies: an examination of stakeholders and the opportunities they present.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,39(1), pp.158-174. Cugelman, B., Thelwall, M. and Dawes, P., 2011. Online interventions for social marketing health behavior change campaigns: a meta-analysis of psychological architectures and adherence factors.Journal of medical Internet research,13(1). Dishman, P.L. and Calof, J.L., 2008. Competitive intelligence: a multiphasic precedent to marketing strategy.European Journal of Marketing,42(7/8), pp.766-785. Doyle, P., 2009.Value-based marketing: Marketing strategies for corporate growth and shareholder value. John Wiley Sons. Dweck, C.S., 2013.Self-theories: Their role in motivation, personality, and development. psychology press. Evans, C., 2012.Managing for knowledge-HR's strategic role. Routledge. Evans, N. , Campbell, D. , Stonehead, G,. (2010). Strategic Management for Travel and Tourism. Oxford: Elsevier. Exploring corporate strategy, Johnson and Scholes, 6th edition. Gong, Y., Huang, J.C. and Farh, J.L., 2009. Employee learning orientation, transformational leadership, and employee creativity: The mediating role of employee creative self-efficacy.Academy of management Journal,52(4), pp.765-778. Graham, H., 2008.Marketing strategy and competitive positioning. Pearson Education India. c April. Optimal marketing strategies over social networks. InProceedings of the 17th international conference on World Wide Web(pp. 189-198). ACM. Hollensen, S., 2010.Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Hooley, G., Piercy, N.F. and Nicoulaud, B., 2012.Marketing strategy and competitive positioning. Prentice Hall/Financial Times. Keller, K.L. and Kotler, P., 2016.Marketing management. Pearson. Marks and Spencer, (2018) The Company Media Centre [online] Available: https://www2. marksandspencer com/thecompany/mediacentre/yourquestions/generalfaq/q3. shtml [Accessed 30 March 2018] Mullins, J., Walker, O.C. and Boyd Jr, H.W., 2012.Marketing management: A strategic decision-making approach. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Murray, J.Y., Gao, G.Y. and Kotabe, M., 2011. Market orientation and performance of export ventures: the process through marketing capabilities and competitive advantages.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,39(2), pp.252-269. Ottman, J., 2017.The new rules of green marketing: Strategies, tools, and inspiration for sustainable branding. Routledge. Roheim, C.A., Asche, F. and Santos, J.I., 2011. The elusive price premium for ecolabelled products: evidence from seafood in the UK market.Journal of Agricultural Economics,62(3), pp.655-668. Ryan, D., 2016.Understanding digital marketing: marketing strategies for engaging the digital generation. Kogan Page Publishers. Wilson, R.M. and Gilligan, C., 2012.Strategic marketing management. Routledge. Zenker, S., Eggers, F. and Farsky, M., 2013. Putting a price tag on cities: Insights into the competitive environment of places.Cities,30, pp.133-139.